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 Time to Patch

Microsoft on Tuesday released software updates to plug at least 70 security holes in its Windows operating systems and related software. For the second month running, there are no scary zero-day threats looming for Windows users, and relatively few “critical” fixes. And yet we know from experience that   show more ...

attackers are already trying to work out how to turn these patches into a roadmap for exploiting the flaws they fix. Here’s a look at the security weaknesses Microsoft says are most likely to be targeted first. Greg Wiseman, product manager at Rapid7, notes that three vulnerabilities fixed this month have been previously disclosed, potentially giving attackers a head start in working out how to exploit them. Those include remote code execution bugs CVE-2022-24512, affecting .NET and Visual Studio, and CVE-2022-21990, affecting Remote Desktop Client. CVE-2022-24459 is a vulnerability in the Windows Fax and Scan service. All three publicly disclosed vulnerabilities are rated “Important” by Microsoft. Just three of the fixes this month earned Microsoft’s most-dire “Critical” rating, which Redmond assigns to bugs that can be exploited to remotely compromise a Windows PC with little to no help from users. Two of those critical flaws involve Windows video codecs. Perhaps the most concerning critical bug quashed this month is CVE-2022-23277, a  remote code execution flaw affecting Microsoft Exchange Server. “Thankfully, this is a post-authentication vulnerability, meaning attackers need credentials to exploit it,” Wiseman said. “Although passwords can be obtained via phishing and other means, this one shouldn’t be as rampantly exploited as the deluge of Exchange vulnerabilities we saw throughout 2021. Exchange administrators should still patch as soon as reasonably possible.” CVE-2022-24508 is a remote code execution bug affecting Windows SMBv3, the technology that handles file sharing in Windows environments. “This has potential for widespread exploitation, assuming an attacker can put together a suitable exploit,” Wiseman said. “Luckily, like this month’s Exchange vulnerabilities, this, too, requires authentication.” Kevin Breen, director of cyber threat research at Immersive Labs, called attention to a trio of bugs fixed this month in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), which is a favorite target of ransomware groups. “CVE-2022-23285, CVE-2022-21990 and CVE-2022-24503 are a potential concern especially as this infection vector is commonly used by ransomware actors,” Breen said. “While exploitation is not trivial, requiring an attacker to set up bespoke infrastructure, it still presents enough of a risk to be a priority.” March’s Patch Tuesday also brings an unusual update (CVE-2022-21967) that might just be the first security patch involving Microsoft’s Xbox device. “This appears to be the first security patch impacting Xbox specifically,” said Dustin Childs from Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative. “There was an advisory for an inadvertently disclosed Xbox Live certificate back in 2015, but this seems to be the first security-specific update for the device itself.” Also on Tuesday, Adobe released updates addressing six vulnerabilities in Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator and After Effects. For a complete rundown of all patches released by Microsoft today and indexed by severity and other metrics, check out the always-useful Patch Tuesday roundup from the SANS Internet Storm Center. And it’s not a bad idea to hold off updating for a few days until Microsoft works out any kinks in the updates: AskWoody.com usually has the lowdown on any patches that may be causing problems for Windows users. As always, please consider backing up your system or at least your important documents and data before applying system updates. And if you run into any problems with these patches, please drop a note about it here in the comments.

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 Russia's War on Ukraine

Lumen Technologies, an American company that operates one of the largest Internet backbones and carries a significant percentage of the world’s Internet traffic, said today it will stop routing traffic for organizations based in Russia. Lumen’s decision comes just days after a similar exit by backbone   show more ...

provider Cogent, and amid a news media crackdown in Russia that has already left millions of Russians in the dark about what is really going on with their president’s war in Ukraine. Monroe, La. based Lumen [NYSE: LUMN] (formerly CenturyLink) initially said it would halt all new business with organizations based in Russia, leaving open the possibility of continuing to serve existing clients there. But on Tuesday the company said it could no longer justify that stance. “Life has taken a turn in Russia and Lumen is unable to continue to operate in this market,” Lumen said in a published statement. “The business services we provide are extremely small and very limited as is our physical presence. However, we are taking steps to immediately stop business in the region.” “We decided to disconnect the network due to increased security risk inside Russia,” the statement continues. “We have not yet experienced network disruptions but given the increasingly uncertain environment and the heightened risk of state action, we took this move to ensure the security of our and our customers’ networks, as well as the ongoing integrity of the global Internet.” According to Internet infrastructure monitoring firm Kentik, Lumen is the top international transit provider to Russia, with customers including Russian telecom giants Rostelecom and TTK, as well as all three major mobile operators (MTS, Megafon and VEON). “A backbone carrier disconnecting its customers in a country the size of Russia is without precedent in the history of the internet and reflects the intense global reaction that the world has had over the invasion of Ukraine,” wrote Doug Madory, Kentik’s director of Internet analysis. It’s not clear whether any other Internet backbone providers — some of which are based outside of the United States — will follow the lead of Lumen and Cogent. But Madory notes that as economic sanctions continue to exact a toll on Russia’s economy, its own telecommunications firms may have difficulty paying foreign transit providers for service. Ukrainian leaders petitioned the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) — the nonprofit organization charged with overseeing the global domain name system — to disconnect Russia’s top-level domain (.ru) from the Internet. ICANN respectfully declined that request, but many technology giants, including Amazon, Apple and Microsoft, have moved on their own to suspend new business in the country. Meanwhile, Russia recently cracked down on the last remaining vestiges of a free press within its borders, passing a new law that threatens up to 15 years in jail for anyone who publishes content that refers to the conflict in Ukraine as a “war” or “invasion.” As Neil MacFarquhar writes for The New York Times, what little coverage there is on Russian television networks about the invasion does not include any footage of the devastation wrought by Russian troops on the Ukrainian citizenry. At the same time, the Russian government has blocked Facebook and partly blocked Twitter, while other platforms like TikTok have suspended services in the country. “To spend several days watching news broadcasts on the main state channels, as well as surveying state-controlled newspapers, is to witness the extent of the Kremlin’s efforts to sanitize its war with the Orwellian term ‘special military operation’ — and to make all news coverage align with that message,” MacFarquhar wrote. The Washington Post, which was the first to report on Cogent’s decision last week, wrote that these independent actions by private tech companies collectively “will leave Russians more dependent than ever on government propaganda that already dominates the nation’s newspapers and broadcast stations, leaving few ways to access independent sources of news at a time when the country has entered a severe political crisis.” In a blog post titled “Why the World Must Resist Calls to Undermine the Internet,” Internet Society President Andrew Sullivan said cutting a whole population off the Internet will stop disinformation coming from that population — but it also stops the flow of truth. “Without the Internet, the rest of the world would not know of atrocities happening in other places,” Sullivan wrote. “And without the Internet, ordinary citizens of many countries wouldn’t know what was being carried out in their name. Our best hope, however dim, is that those supporting an aggressive regime will change their support. More information can help, even as disinformation circulates. We need a better understanding of what is and is not disinformation.” There is another — perhaps less popular — camp, which holds that isolating Russia from the rest of the Internet might be THE thing that encourages more Russians to protest the war in Ukraine, and ultimately to take back control of their own country from its autocratic and kleptocratic leaders. Not long after Russia invaded Ukraine, I heard from an old pen-pal in Ukraine: Sergey Vovnenko, a.k.a. “Flycracker,” a.k.a the convicted Ukrainian cybercriminal who once executed a plot to have me framed for heroin possession. Vovnenko did his time in a U.S. prison, left Fly behind, and we have since buried the hatchet. He’s now hunkered down in Lviv, Ukraine, which is serving as a major artery for refugees seeking shelter outside Ukraine’s borders. These days, Vovnenko says he is working with many sympathetic hackers to fight the Russians online. Asked what he thought about the idea of Russia being isolated from the rest of the Internet, Vovnenko said it couldn’t happen soon enough given the Russian government’s new media blitz to cast the war in a patriotic light. “I think they should be disconnected, maybe Russian people will rebel against Putin after that,” he said.

 Trends, Reports, Analysis

There has been a sharp rise in activity from countries with consistently high levels of both attempted and successful attacks originating within their borders — Russia and China.

 Breaches and Incidents

Lapsus$, responsible for the recent attack on Nvidia, reportedly released two of the company's old code-signing certificates, and threat actors have started abusing it. In some cases, the stolen certificates were used to sign Cobalt Strike beacons, Mimikatz, backdoors, and remote access trojans. Admins are   show more ...

suggested to configure Windows Defender Application Control policies to control NVIDIA drivers loaded into Windows OS.

 Malware and Vulnerabilities

The FBI issued an alert about the Ragnar Locker ransomware group that has claimed 52 entities as its victims across 10 critical infrastructure sectors in the U.S, so far. The IOCs in the alert has information from Bitcoin addresses where hackers collect the ransom to the email addresses of operators. The FBI also urges security professionals to share any related information, which can help others fend off the attack.

 Malware and Vulnerabilities

Researchers exposed cybercriminals distributing the SharkBot banking trojan via Google Play Store. The malware is using Automatic Transfer Systems (ATS) to transfer money by abusing the Accessibility permission on devices and grants itself additional required permissions. Smartphone users are requested to be careful   show more ...

with the type of apps they download from various app stores and perform additional checks, if not sure.

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Ubuntu Security Notice 5319-1 - Enrico Barberis, Pietro Frigo, Marius Muench, Herbert Bos, and Cristiano Giuffrida discovered that hardware mitigations added by Intel to their processors to address Spectre-BTI were insufficient. A local attacker could potentially use this to expose sensitive information.

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Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-0790-01 - Red Hat Satellite is a system management solution that allows organizations to configure and maintain their systems without the necessity to provide public Internet access to their servers or other client systems. It performs provisioning and configuration management of predefined standard operating environments.

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Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-0771-01 - The kernel-rt packages provide the Real Time Linux Kernel, which enables fine-tuning for systems with extremely high determinism requirements. Issues addressed include denial of service, privilege escalation, and use-after-free vulnerabilities.

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Ubuntu Security Notice 5318-1 - Nick Gregory discovered that the Linux kernel incorrectly handled network offload functionality. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbitrary code. Enrico Barberis, Pietro Frigo, Marius Muench, Herbert Bos, and Cristiano Giuffrida discovered   show more ...

that hardware mitigations added by ARM to their processors to address Spectre-BTI were insufficient. A local attacker could potentially use this to expose sensitive information.

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Ubuntu Security Notice 5317-1 - Nick Gregory discovered that the Linux kernel incorrectly handled network offload functionality. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbitrary code. Enrico Barberis, Pietro Frigo, Marius Muench, Herbert Bos, and Cristiano Giuffrida discovered   show more ...

that hardware mitigations added by ARM to their processors to address Spectre-BTI were insufficient. A local attacker could potentially use this to expose sensitive information.

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Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-0772-01 - This is a kernel live patch module which is automatically loaded by the RPM post-install script to modify the code of a running kernel. Issues addressed include denial of service, privilege escalation, and use-after-free vulnerabilities.

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UFONet abuses OSI Layer 7-HTTP to create/manage 'zombies' and to conduct different attacks using GET/POST, multi-threading, proxies, origin spoofing methods, cache evasion techniques, etc.

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Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-0780-01 - The cyrus-sasl packages contain the Cyrus implementation of Simple Authentication and Security Layer. SASL is a method for adding authentication support to connection-based protocols.

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Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-0777-01 - The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system. Issues addressed include denial of service, double free, privilege escalation, and use-after-free vulnerabilities.

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Microsoft's Patch Tuesday update for the month of March has been made officially available with 71 fixes spanning across its software products such as Windows, Office, Exchange, and Defender, among others. Of the total 71 patches, three are rated Critical and 68 are rated Important in severity. While none of the vulnerabilities are listed as actively exploited, three of them are publicly known

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APT41, the state-sponsored threat actor affiliated with China, breached at least six U.S. state government networks between May 2021 and February 2022 by retooling its attack vectors to take advantage of vulnerable internet-facing web applications. The exploited vulnerabilities included "a zero-day vulnerability in the USAHERDS application (CVE-2021-44207) as well as the now infamous zero-day in

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Researchers have disclosed three security vulnerabilities affecting Pascom Cloud Phone System (CPS) that could be combined to achieve a full pre-authenticated remote code execution of affected systems. Kerbit security researcher Daniel Eshetu said the shortcomings, when chained together, can lead to "an unauthenticated attacker gaining root on these devices." Pascom Cloud Phone System is an

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Threat actors have been observed abusing a high-impact reflection/amplification method to stage sustained distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks for up to 14 hours with a record-breaking amplification ratio of 4,294,967,296 to 1. The attack vector – dubbed TP240PhoneHome (CVE-2022-26143) – has been weaponized to launch significant DDoS attacks targeting broadband access ISPs, financial

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Three high-impact security vulnerabilities have been disclosed in APC Smart-UPS devices that could be abused by remote adversaries as a physical weapon to access and control them in an unauthorized manner. Collectively dubbed TLStorm, the flaws "allow for complete remote takeover of Smart-UPS devices and the ability to carry out extreme cyber-physical attacks," Ben Seri and Barak Hadad,

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The unfortunate truth is that while companies are investing more in cyber defenses and taking cybersecurity more seriously than ever, successful breaches and ransomware attacks are on the rise. While a successful breach is not inevitable, it is becoming more likely despite best efforts to prevent it from happening.  Just as it wasn’t raining when Noah built the ark, companies must face the fact

 Cloud Security

There are stark differences between how to manage security policies for on-premises network environments and those that are 100% cloud-based. But many companies continue to struggle with those differences and have experienced plenty of pain as a result. It’s a challenge Rich Mogull has spent years trying to help   show more ...

companies navigate. Mogull, CISO at Firemon, […] The post The Unique Challenges of Companies Born in the Cloud appeared first on Security Weekly.

2022-03
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